Travel Guide to Romania: Explore the Rich Culture and Stunning Landscapes

Romania

Romania, located in Southeastern Europe, is a country with a rich history and diverse natural beauty. It is slowly emerging from the shadows of its tumultuous past and is now a destination that offers a blend of history, culture, and stunning landscapes. This guide will provide comprehensive travel tips for those planning to explore Romania, covering aspects such as geography, climate, culture, attractions, and practical information for a memorable visit.

Geographical Overview

Romania is situated in Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea between Bulgaria and Ukraine. It shares its borders with several neighboring countries, including Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south. The country’s diverse geography is characterized by the presence of the Carpathian Mountains, which traverse the center of Romania. These mountains, along with lush forests, provide excellent opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking and skiing.

Historical Background

Modern Romania has a history deeply rooted in the amalgamation of two principalities: Moldavia and Wallachia. In 1859, these two regions united, laying the foundation for the nation we know today. For centuries prior to this unification, Romania had been under Ottoman rule, leaving a significant mark on its culture and architecture.

Regions of Romania

Romania can be divided into several distinct regions, each with its unique charm and attractions:

1. Transylvania: This region, often associated with Bram Stoker’s Dracula, is known for its medieval towns, stunning castles, and beautiful landscapes. Highlights include Bran Castle, Rasnov Castle, and the picturesque town of Sighisoara, the birthplace of Vlad Tepes.
2. Moldavia: Located in the northeastern part of Romania, Moldavia is famous for its painted monasteries, which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. These monasteries are adorned with intricate frescoes and are a testament to the region’s rich cultural heritage.
3. The Black Sea Coast: Romania’s coastline along the Black Sea is a popular destination, especially during the summer months. It boasts white sandy beaches and a range of resorts. The region is also known for its therapeutic spas, offering relaxation and healing.
4. The Carpathian Mountains: These majestic mountains cover a significant portion of Romania. They are a haven for nature enthusiasts and outdoor adventurers. During the winter months, the Carpathians offer excellent skiing opportunities, while in the summer, they provide ample hiking trails and breathtaking vistas.

Climate and Best Time to Visit

Romania experiences a temperate climate with four distinct seasons:

• Spring and Autumn: These seasons are mild and pleasant, making them ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.
• Summer: Summers are short but hot, occurring in July and August. This is the peak tourist season when visitors flock to the Black Sea Coast and mountain resorts.
• Winter: Winters can be harsh and cold, with snowfall between December and March. It’s an excellent time for winter sports enthusiasts to visit the Carpathian Mountains.

The best months to explore Romania are typically May, June, September, and October when the weather is pleasant, and the tourist crowds are smaller.

Culture and Local Customs

Romania’s culture is a fascinating blend of Eastern European and Balkan influences, shaped by its history and diverse ethnic groups. Here are some key aspects of Romanian culture and local customs:

• Handshaking: Handshaking is a common greeting in Romania. It is also customary to kiss on the cheek when being introduced to a woman.
• Dressing: Dressing in Romania is generally conservative and casual. Visitors should dress modestly when visiting churches and religious sites.
• Smoking: Smoking is prohibited on public transportation vehicles and in theaters. It’s worth noting that many Romanians are smokers and may appreciate the gift of cigarettes.
• Tipping: Tipping is customary in Romania, with 5 to 10 percent being the norm in restaurants, hotels, and taxis.

Attractions in Romania

Romania offers a diverse range of attractions for travelers with various interests:

• Bucharest: The capital city of Romania, Bucharest, was once known as the “Paris of the East.” It’s a bustling city with a vibrant nightlife, cafes, and restaurants. Notable attractions include the Palace of Parliament, Old Court Church, and the Romanian Opera House.
• Transylvania: This region is steeped in history and folklore. Visit Bran Castle, often associated with Dracula, and explore the charming town of Brasov. Don’t miss Sighisoara, the well-preserved birthplace of Vlad Tepes.
• The Black Sea Coast: Romania’s coastline along the Black Sea is a major tourist hub, known for its white sandy beaches and resorts. It is also home to Romanian spas famous for their healing properties.
• The Carpathian Mountains: Nature lovers will find paradise in the Carpathian Mountains. Whether you’re into hiking, skiing, or simply enjoying the breathtaking scenery, the Carpathians have it all.

Travel Options

Getting to Romania is relatively easy, with several transportation options available:

• By Air: Romania’s national airline is Tarom, and Bucharest Otopeni Airport is the largest and busiest in the country, located about 10 miles north of the capital city. Numerous international airlines, including Air France, Alitalia, Austrian Airlines, British Airways, KLM, Lufthansa, and Swiss, operate flights to Bucharest.
• By Sea: Constanta is Romania’s major port on the Black Sea. While there are currently no ferries in operation, cruise options are available for those who wish to explore the region by sea.
• By Rail: There is an international train service to Bucharest from Western Europe, which typically runs during the summer months, from June to September. This train service, known as the Wiener Waltzer, offers a scenic route through various European cities.

Duty-Free and Prohibited Items

When traveling to Romania, it’s essential to be aware of duty-free allowances and prohibited items:

Duty-Free Items:

1. Up to 200 cigarettes or 200 grams of tobacco.
2. 200 grams of cocoa and 200 grams of coffee.
3. Perfumes, medicines, and souvenirs.
4. Two cameras, one small movie camera, twenty-four cassettes, one portable radio, one TV set, one tape recorder, one pair of binoculars, and one typewriter.
5. Gifts valued at up to €175.

Prohibited Items:

Prohibited items include un-canned goods, meat or dairy products, narcotics, firearms, ammunition, weapons, eggs, plants, endangered species, fireworks, and alcoholic beverages containing more than sixty per cent alcohol.

Final Thoughts

Romania, with its rich history, diverse landscapes, and vibrant culture, offers a unique and rewarding travel experience. Whether you’re exploring the historic castles of Transylvania, relaxing on the Black Sea Coast, or venturing into the Carpathian Mountains, Romania has something to offer every traveler. With the information and tips provided in this guide, you can plan your visit to Romania with confidence and make the most of your journey to this captivating European country.